Symbiosis

Sponges shape their microbial communities by acquiring symbionts through two different strategies – horizontal and vertical symbiont transmission. Graphical Illustration by Jana Efremova using Biorender and Illustrator.

Sponges (Porifera) in particular, are able to significantly affect seawater biogeochemistry via the so-called ‘Sponge Loop’. Graphical Illustration by Jana Efremova using Biorender and Illustrator.